歐盟追蹤追溯系統在食品安全體系中的功能
477
消費者知情權之保護。於二次計畫欲優先處理的產品類別中，所有
食品一致適用的統一規範
(水平式立法)
與針對特定食品之個別規
範
(垂直式立法)
皆為首要議題，而食品安全與消費者知情並列為
歐盟關切的核心。
自
1997
年阿姆斯特丹條約第一次以憲法形式
規範消費者權益後，歐體條約第
153
條成為歐盟消費者權利的最上
位法源依據，第
1
項
(原為馬斯垂克條約第
129
條第
a
款)
規定：
「為了促進消費者利益與確保高標準的消費者保護，歐體應致力於
保護消費者的健康、安全和經濟利益，以及促進其資訊、教育和結
社權，以確保消費者利益。
與前述初期計畫五大消費者權利相
16
Council Resolution of 19 May 1981 on a Second Programme of the European Eco-
nomic Community for a Consumer Protection and Information Policy, 1981 O.J.
(
C
133
)
1.
17
第
153
條原文：
“1. In order to promote the interests of consumers and to ensure a
high level of consumer protection, the Community shall contribute to protecting the
health, safety and economic interests of consumers, as well as to promoting their
right to information, education and to organise themselves in order to safeguard their
interests.
2. Consumer protection requirements shall be taken into account in defining and
implementing other Community policies and activities.
3. The Community shall contribute to the attainment of the objectives referred to in
paragraph 1 through:
(
a
)
measures adopted pursuant to Article 95 in the context of the completion of
the internal market;
(
b
)
measures which support, supplement and monitor the policy pursued by the
Member States.
4. The Council, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251
and after consulting the Economic and Social Committee, shall adopt the
measures referred to in paragraph 3
(
b
)
.
5. Measures adopted pursuant to paragraph 4 shall not prevent any Member State
from maintaining or introducing more stringent protective measures. Such
measures must be compatible with this Treaty. The Commission shall be notified
of them.”
