歐美研究季刊第47卷第3期

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334 EURAMERICA
Appendix C
Appendix C continues the section on the analytical methods
used in this study. More equations of calculation of these
standardized rates are shown in the following:
p-P = α-effect + β-effect + γ-effect
α-effect=Q(hi) – Q(Hi)
β-effect=Q(mi) – Q(Mi)
γ-effect=Q(wi) – Q(Wi)
Q(Hi)=(Σ Hi x mi x wi + Σ Hi x Mi x Wi)/3 + (Σ Hi x mi x
Wi + Σ Hi x Mi x wi)/6
Q(Mi)=(Σ hi x Mi x wi + Σ Hi x Mi x Wi)/3 + (Σ hi x Mi x
Wi + Σ Hi x Mi x wi)/6
Q(Wi)=(Σ hi x mi x Wi + Σ Hi x Mi x Wi)/3 + (Σ hi x Mi x
Wi + Σ Hi x mi x Wi)/6
Q(hi)=(Σ hi x Mi x Wi + Σ hi x mi x wi)/3 + (Σ hi x Mi x wi
+ Σ hi x mi x Wi)/6
Q(mi)=(Σ Hi x mi x Wi + Σ hi x mi x wi)/3 + (Σ Hi x mi x wi
+ Σ hi x mi x Wi)/6
Q(wi)=(Σ Hi x Mi x wi + Σ hi x mi x wi)/3 + (Σ Hi x mi x wi
+ Σ hi x Mi x wi)/6
where p-P is the difference in poverty rates between Taiwan and
any other country in this study; α-effect is the contribution of the
difference in the living arrangements of young adults between
Taiwan and another country; similarly, β -effect is the contribution
of the difference in the BTST income poverty rates of young adults
between Taiwan and another country; finally, γ-effect is the
contribution of the difference in welfare effectiveness reducing the
BTST income poverty of young adults between Taiwan and
another country. Specifically, Q(Hi) is the βγ-standardized rates for
household composition in Taiwan for household type i and Q(hi) is
the βγ-standardized rate in any other country included in this study.
Likewise, Q(Mi) and Q(mi) are the αγ-standardized rates for BTST